The Causes of Stress
One of the primary triggers of stress is anxiety, which is generally characterized by a sense of worry or apprehension about future events. However, anxiety is not the only cause of stress. Other emotional states such as anger, sadness, and loss can also lead to stress. Interestingly, even eager anticipation, often referred to as ‘good stress’, can trigger a stress response.
The Role of Cortisol in Stress Response
When an individual experiences stress, the body typically releases a hormone called cortisol into the bloodstream. This hormone triggers physical changes in the body, specifically increasing blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Due to its consistent presence during stressful situations, cortisol has earned the nickname ‘the stress hormone’.
From a biological perspective, cortisol’s primary function is to prepare the body to physically respond to imminent danger. The increase in blood pressure and blood sugar provides the body with an energy boost that can be used for defense or escape. This function of cortisol likely dates back to our ancestors who faced regular predatory threats.
The Double-Edged Sword of Cortisol
While cortisol plays a crucial role in our survival, it can also have detrimental effects on our health. Chronic elevations in blood pressure and blood sugar can damage vital organs. Increased blood pressure strains the heart, kidneys, arteries, brain, and other significant areas of the body. High blood sugar levels can also lead to tissue damage. Therefore, from a health perspective, it is crucial that cortisol levels rise only when absolutely necessary.
The Recognition of Stress in Western Medicine
Western medicine has come to recognize the damaging effects of stress, leading to the establishment of entire medical programs dedicated to stress reduction. Despite the rarity of predatory threats in modern human life, the stress response remains active. Learning to manage this stress response could significantly improve an individual’s health.
According to Mayo Clinic, chronic stress can lead to numerous health problems, including anxiety, depression, heart disease, and sleep problems. The American Psychological Association also emphasizes the importance of stress management for overall health and well-being. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and manage stress effectively to maintain optimal health.
